Últimas notícias
Colunistas
RSS
R. Henry Ebelt
A democracy is always temporary in nature. PART TWO.
The subject of our last class was rather frightening. It was scaring, indeed. I take the opportunity, today, to translate it into Portuguese:
"A democracy is always temporary in nature; it simply cannot exist as a permanent form of government.
Uma democracia é, por sua natureza, sempre temporária; ela simplesmente não pode existir como uma forma permanente de governo.
A democracy will continue to exist up until the time voters discover they can vote themselves generous gifts from the public treasury. From that moment on, the majority always votes for the candidates who promise the most benefits from the public treasury, with the result that every democracy will finally collapse due to loose fiscal policy, which is always followed by dictatorship.
The average age of the world's greatest civilizations from the beginning of history has been about 200 years. During those 200 years, these nations always progressed through the following sequence:
Uma democracia continuará a existir até o momento em que os eleitores descobrirem que eles podem votar (em benefício próprio) generosas doações a ser providas pelo tesouro público.
A partir de tal momento, a maioria sempre votará a favor dos candidatos que prometerem o mais que puderem, em termos de benefícios providos pelo tesouro nacional, resultando (de tal procedimento) que todas as democracias, mais cedo ou mais tarde, entrarão em colapso devido a uma política fiscal desregrada. Tal colapso sempre será seguido por uma ditadura.
A duração média das maiores civilizações do mundo, desde o inicio da história, tem sido, em média, de 200 anos. Durante esses duzentos anos, tais nações sempre avançaram seguindo a seguinte sequência.
1. From bondage to spiritual faith;
2. From spiritual faith to great courage;
3. From courage to liberty;
4. From liberty to abundance;
5. From abundance to complacency;
6. From complacency to apathy;
7. From apathy to dependence;
8. From dependence back to bondage".
1. Da escravidão à fé espiritual;
2. Da fé espiritual ao nível de grande coragem;
3. Da coragem a liberdade;
4. Da liberdade à abundância;
5. Da abundância à complacência;
6. Da complacência à apatia;
7. Da apatia à dependência
8. Da dependência de volta a escravidão.
* Alexander Tytler (1747-1813) was a Scottish-born English lawyer and historian. Reportedly, Tytler was critical of democracies, pointing to the history of democracies such as Athens and its flaws (flaw = defect, imperfection), cycles, and ultimate failures. Although the authenticity of his above quote is often disputed, the words have eerie (eerie = strange frightening, mysterious) relevance today:
* Alexander Tytler (1747-1813) foi um historiador e advogado inglês, nascido na Escócia. Aparentemente, Tytler foi um crítico (severo) das democracias, apontando para a história das democracias tais como a de Atenas e suas imperfeições, ciclos e falência final. Apesar de a autenticidade de seus textos acima mencionados ser frequentemente posta em dúvida, as (suas) palavras têm uma relevância assustadora atualmente.
FIM.
When you look attentively (carefully) at the so-called "Tytler cycle", we, Brazilians, may say that we haven't gone through phase four, but we have already reached complacency and we are heading rapidly towards apathy. We are only two steps away from bondage.
Unfortunately, the words of President Fernando Henrique, that I mentioned last week, cannot be repeated only 07 days after they were uttered. His words, regarding Ms Rousseff, were SO FAR SHE HAS NOT DONE ANY FOOLISHNESS. I am sure that you know the reason why: she, herself, prepared the budget for 2011. And she, herself, allowed a 50 billion reais cut in the same 2011 budget.
I am also sorry to say that President João Figueiredo was not completely wrong when he said the following: THE MORE I KNOW MEN, THE MORE I LIKE HORSES. His only mistake was in the usage of one single word: he should have said POLITICIANS instead of MEN.
Have a nice holiday weekend and drive carefully.
Dixi.
Roberto Henry Ebelt é professor, escritor, produz uma coluna semanal para o Jornal do Comércio de Porto Alegre deste 2001 e é diretor do curso HENRY'S BUSINESS ENGLISH desde 1971.
Seu mais recente livro, O QUE VOCÊ DEVE SABER ANTES DE ESTUDAR INGLÊS, pode ser encontrado nas livrarias Disal, Cultura e SBS ou à rua Hoffmann, 728 em Porto Alegre.
E-mail: roberto@henrys.com.br
Fone (51) 3222-3144
www.henrys.com.br
Opinião do internauta
colunas anteriores
- 18.05.2012The name of the days of the week and the International Workers' Day.
- 11.05.2012ARBITRATION - ALL IS NOT GOLD THAT GLITTERS.
- 04.05.2012A INFLUÊNCIA do FRANCÊS (normando) sobre o INGLÊS (moderno).
- 27.04.2012PREJUDICE (noun).
- 20.04.2012OUTLET: noun.
- 23.03.2012Bridges
- 16.03.2012 ANECDOTE DOES NOT MEAN ANEDOTA or PIADA.
- 09.03.2012REVERSAL OF VALUES (Inversão de valores).
- 02.03.2012ESPERANTO, MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING & EPTC.
- 24.02.2012Ladies, Gentlemen & Lent.
- 17.02.2012Privatization and Love Lotteries
- 10.02.2012St. VALENTINE’S DAY – 14th OF FEBRUARY.
- 03.02.2012Bonds, streetcars and murderers.
- 27.01.2012A ORIGEM DA CRISE DE 2008.
- 20.01.2012EPTC and private interests.
- 13.01.20121964 and the commies.
- 06.01.2012MURDER, MURDERER.
- 30.12.2011THE LONGEST NIGHT HAS AN END.
- 23.12.2011The word Christmas or Christmas Day
- 16.12.2011Seven things NOT to learn from Japan.
- 09.12.2011MASTER OF MY WORDS.
- 02.12.2011NE SUTOR ULTRA CREPIDAM.
- 25.11.2011Buffer State – what the heck is that?
- 18.11.2011Prepositions in English – part 2.
- 11.11.2011As preposições em inglês.
- 04.11.2011Thomas Robert Malthus.
- 28.10.2011Dr. Lazarus Zamenhof, a great personality and Gavrilo Princep, a Muslim terrorist.
- 14.10.2011IDIOMA E CULTURA.
- 07.10.2011Tia Dilma dá conselhos à União Europeia:
- 30.09.2011FRINGE BENEFITS.
- 23.09.2011SAD NEWS (notícia triste).
- 16.09.2011Swindlers
- 09.09.2011YOANI SÁNCHEZ AND THE CUBAN GERONTOCRACY OF THE COMMUNIST DICTATORS RAUL AND FIDEL CASTRO.
- 02.09.2011Cuban Blogger Yoani Sánchez Awarded CEPOS Freedom Prize in Denmark.
- 26.08.2011Federal asset seizures.
- 19.08.2011ONE WORLD, ONE LANGUAGE.
- 12.08.2011Paul Krugman versus Standard & Poor’s
- 05.08.2011NEW WASTE COLLECTION SYSTEM OF PORTO ALEGRE IS NOT AS GOOD AS IT SHOULD BE.
- 22.07.2011QUANTO TEMPO LEVA PARA APRENDER INGLÊS? (PARTE 3)
- 15.07.2011QUANTO TEMPO LEVA PARA APRENDER INGLÊS? (PARTE 2)
- 08.07.2011HOW TO DEAL WITH THE ASTONISHING AMOUNT OF INFORMATION WE GET EVERY DAY THROUGH THE INTERNET?
- 01.07.2011Duração De Um Curso de Inglês.
- 17.06.2011English Proverbs:
- 10.06.2011SOMETHING TO THINK ABOUT – IT HAS TO DO WITH YOUR CHILDREN.
- 03.06.2011THE BEST OF MAY:
- 27.05.2011A pronúncia da língua inglesa.
- 20.05.2011IDEOGRAMAS x SÌMBOLOS PARA REPRESENTAR FONEMAS.
- 13.05.2011For those of us who can remember those days, when GREEN was not the new color of communism.
- 06.05.2011WALKING ON EGG SHELLS.
- 28.04.2011Aircraft fatigue
- 15.04.2011THE WORD NEGRO
- 08.04.2011HE CAME FOR WOOL AND RETURNED SHORN.
- 01.04.20111964 THE YEAR THE COMMIES WERE DEFEATED IN BRAZIL.
- 25.03.2011Aprendendo inglês – (part one).
- 18.03.2011Difference between COMPLETE and FINISHED.
- 25.02.2011A democracy is always temporary in nature. It doesn't work permanently.
- 18.02.2011ENGLISH SPEAKING NURSE
- 11.02.2011NEVER PUT OFF UNTIL TOMORROW WHAT MAY BE DONE TODAY (Nunca deixe para amanhã o que pode ser feito hoje).
- 04.02.2011A primeira vantagem de aprender um segundo idioma (parte 2).
- 28.01.2011A primeira vantagem de aprender um segundo idioma.
- 21.01.2011Too many e-mails.
- 14.01.2011Power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.
- 07.01.2011When I lent, I was friend
- 30.12.2010President Rousseff, have mercy on us, Brazilians.
- 24.12.2010Violence begets violence
- 17.12.2010Advertise in Russian or pay the penalty
- 10.12.2010How do you do? How are you?
- 03.12.2010GOOD OLD TIMES. The Original Computer!
- 26.11.2010PIG, SWINE, HOG, and PIIGS.
- 19.11.2010Tirica and Cacareco
- 12.11.2010Execution by shooting for the defeated.
- 05.11.2010É mais importante saber a ideia que uma palavra transmite do que a sua tradução
- 29.10.2010Duplas negações em inglês não são corretas
- 22.10.2010The value and importance of phisical work
- 15.10.2010Communism and nazism
- 08.10.2010Democrat or Republican?
- 01.10.2010TOO & ALSO
- 24.09.2010OFF e OF
- 17.09.2010Another joke
- 10.09.2010Two jokes
- 27.08.2010O Artigo Definido em Inglês
- 20.08.2010God and our prayers
- 13.08.2010Democracy is a two-edged sword
- 06.08.2010Proverbs


















